Research Hub > Continuous Threat Exposure Management (CTEM) Explained | CDW
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12 min

CTEM: A New Approach to Risk and Vulnerability Management

Continuous threat exposure management helps organizations identify, validate and remediate the exposures that matter most.

IN THIS ARTICLE

KEY BUSINESS AND
SECURITY BENEFITS OF CTEM

HOW TO BUILD
A CTEM PROGRAM

The volume of cyberthreats is exploding, and new AI models are capable of discovering vulnerabilities at machine scale and machine speed. With these new models surfacing thousands of previously unknown weaknesses across software that organizations rely on every day, traditional security practices that are largely signature-based simply cannot keep up.

While many cybersecurity programs rely on siloed tools and reactive response, the continuous threat exposure management (CTEM) framework shifts practices toward proactive risk management by identifying and prioritizing the threats most likely to affect the business. A CTEM cycle comprises five stages: scoping, discovery, prioritization, validation and mobilization. Most security professionals are aware of CTEM, but only a small minority of organizations have implemented the framework. 

An effective CTEM program can improve risk prioritization, enhance visibility, increase operational efficiency and strengthen executive decision-making. The framework may also help organizations derive more value from current cybersecurity investments by using existing capabilities to create a risk-informed action plan. A trusted partner such as CDW can help organizations put CTEM concepts into practice through rigorous assessments, new measurement capabilities and ongoing threat prioritization.

Take a more proactive approach to security with CTEM.

The volume of cyberthreats is exploding, and new AI models are capable of discovering vulnerabilities at machine scale and machine speed. With these new models surfacing thousands of previously unknown weaknesses across software that organizations rely on every day, traditional security practices that are largely signature-based simply cannot keep up.

While many cybersecurity programs rely on siloed tools and reactive response, the continuous threat exposure management (CTEM) framework shifts practices toward proactive risk management by identifying and prioritizing the threats most likely to affect the business. A CTEM cycle comprises five stages: scoping, discovery, prioritization, validation and mobilization. Most security professionals are aware of CTEM, but only a small minority of organizations have implemented the framework. 

An effective CTEM program can improve risk prioritization, enhance visibility, increase operational efficiency and strengthen executive decision-making. The framework may also help organizations derive more value from current cybersecurity investments by using existing capabilities to create a risk-informed action plan. A trusted partner such as CDW can help organizations put CTEM concepts into practice through rigorous assessments, new measurement capabilities and ongoing threat prioritization.

Take a more proactive approach to security with CTEM.

People meeting

A New Approach To Combat Modern Threats

The cybersecurity landscape is changing too quickly for many organizations to keep up. 

Attack surfaces continue to grow and change due to factors such as hybrid work and the ongoing movement of IT resources in and out of public cloud environments. Cyberattacks are growing in both volume and sophistication, with Fortinet recording nearly 122 billion exploitation attempts in 2025 (a 26% increase from the year before). And AI is creating new types of risk and vulnerabilities that weren’t even on organizations’ radar until recently, while also potentially giving hackers the ability to uncover new zero-day threats and accelerate the creation of exploit packages. 

In April 2026, Anthropic announced that it was holding its Mythos model back from public release due to what the company characterized as extreme levels of new cybersecurity risk. The model, the company said, is capable of discovering new vulnerabilities in major operating systems, browsers and critical libraries. In internal tests, Mythos dramatically outperformed earlier models on security benchmarks and exploit tasks and even engaged in what Anthropic called “strategic manipulation,” breaking out of sandboxes and hiding its tracks in version control. 

Although most sizable organizations already have robust cyberdefenses, those were largely not designed to protect such a variable attack surface or tackle such advanced threats. Traditional security models are largely built on periodic assessments, siloed tools and reactive incident response — a combination that is no longer sufficient to keep pace with modern threats. Despite their investments, many organizations struggle with limited visibility across the attack surface, tool sprawl, delayed remediation and difficulty aligning security efforts with business risk. These issues lead to inefficiencies where teams spend much of their time mitigating relatively low-risk vulnerabilities while critical exposures remain unaddressed.

Continuous threat exposure management has emerged in response to these gaps. Rather than relying on point-in-time assessments, CTEM introduces a continuous, structured approach to identifying, validating, prioritizing and remediating exposures, shifting security from reactive defense to proactive risk management. This shift is critical because it addresses how attackers operate in the real world: continuously, not periodically. 

More important, CTEM also focuses on the real-world exploitability and business impact of vulnerabilities. These factors are largely overlooked by traditional cybersecurity tools, meaning that teams end up chasing down an endless stream of alerts instead of focusing on the ones that have the potential to devastate the business. 

By enabling ongoing visibility and adaptive response, CTEM ensures that organizations can keep up with evolving attacks and protect themselves against the most dangerous threats.

70%

The percentage reduction from 2021 to 2025 in breakout time — the time needed for a cyberattacker to move laterally after an initial compromise

Source: CrowdStrike, 2026 Global Threat Report, February 2026

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CDW can help you adopt CTEM to protect against the most dangerous threats.

A New Approach To Combat Modern Threats

The cybersecurity landscape is changing too quickly for many organizations to keep up. 

Attack surfaces continue to grow and change due to factors such as hybrid work and the ongoing movement of IT resources in and out of public cloud environments. Cyberattacks are growing in both volume and sophistication, with Fortinet recording nearly 122 billion exploitation attempts in 2025 (a 26% increase from the year before). And AI is creating new types of risk and vulnerabilities that weren’t even on organizations’ radar until recently, while also potentially giving hackers the ability to uncover new zero-day threats and accelerate the creation of exploit packages. 

In April 2026, Anthropic announced that it was holding its Mythos model back from public release due to what the company characterized as extreme levels of new cybersecurity risk. The model, the company said, is capable of discovering new vulnerabilities in major operating systems, browsers and critical libraries. In internal tests, Mythos dramatically outperformed earlier models on security benchmarks and exploit tasks and even engaged in what Anthropic called “strategic manipulation,” breaking out of sandboxes and hiding its tracks in version control. 

Although most sizable organizations already have robust cyberdefenses, those were largely not designed to protect such a variable attack surface or tackle such advanced threats. Traditional security models are largely built on periodic assessments, siloed tools and reactive incident response — a combination that is no longer sufficient to keep pace with modern threats. Despite their investments, many organizations struggle with limited visibility across the attack surface, tool sprawl, delayed remediation and difficulty aligning security efforts with business risk. These issues lead to inefficiencies where teams spend much of their time mitigating relatively low-risk vulnerabilities while critical exposures remain unaddressed.

Continuous threat exposure management has emerged in response to these gaps. Rather than relying on point-in-time assessments, CTEM introduces a continuous, structured approach to identifying, validating, prioritizing and remediating exposures, shifting security from reactive defense to proactive risk management. This shift is critical because it addresses how attackers operate in the real world: continuously, not periodically. 

More important, CTEM also focuses on the real-world exploitability and business impact of vulnerabilities. These factors are largely overlooked by traditional cybersecurity tools, meaning that teams end up chasing down an endless stream of alerts instead of focusing on the ones that have the potential to devastate the business. 

By enabling ongoing visibility and adaptive response, CTEM ensures that organizations can keep up with evolving attacks and protect themselves against the most dangerous threats.

CDW can help you adopt CTEM to protect against the most dangerous threats.

CTEM By the Numbers

89%

The percentage increase in AI-enabled attacks from 2024 to 2025

Source: CrowdStrike, 2026 Global Threat Report, February 2026

42%

The percentage increase from 2024 to 2025 in zero-day vulnerabilities exploited prior to public disclosure

Source: CrowdStrike, 2026 Global Threat Report, February 2026

$4.4M

The average cost of a data breach in 2025

Source: IBM, Cost of a Data Breach Report 2025, July 2025

CTEM By the Numbers

89%

The percentage increase in AI-enabled attacks from 2024 to 2025

Source: CrowdStrike, 2026 Global Threat Report, February 2026

42%

The percentage increase from 2024 to 2025 in zero-day vulnerabilities exploited prior to public disclosure

Source: CrowdStrike, 2026 Global Threat Report, February 2026

$4.4M

The average cost of a data breach in 2025

Source: IBM, Cost of a Data Breach Report 2025, July 2025

cdw

CTEM: What It Is and How It Works

Continuous threat exposure management is a strategic cybersecurity framework designed to help organizations continuously assess and reduce their exposure to threats. Introduced by Gartner, CTEM integrates people, processes and technologies into a cohesive, iterative program focused on measurable risk reduction.

Traditional security practices tend to prioritize vulnerabilities based on the potential impact to the affected system regardless of business context or environmental variables. CTEM shifts organizations toward an approach that takes into consideration the business value of a system and what compensating controls may be in place. CTEM is a continuous cycle, not a one-time security initiative. Gartner breaks down the CTEM cycle into five stages: 

SCOPING CRITICAL ASSETS: During this stage, security teams identify the business services, applications, cloud environments and other assets that expose the organization to meaningful risk if compromised. This is sometimes described as setting the “operational boundary” for exposure discovery. Critically, this stage forces teams to begin by thinking in terms of business value. Because CTEM is a continuous process, teams might opt not to implement CTEM across the entire organization all at once. Instead, they can choose an initial scope for a pilot and then expand CTEM practices to other assets over time. They also may identify the elements of the minimum viable company, which represent the most critical assets needed to operate the business. Establishing the MVC helps the organization prioritize its security efforts based on which assets are needed for the business to survive in the event of a disruption.

DISCOVERING EXPOSURES: Once organizations define their scope, they must continuously identify the exposures that exist within the environment. This stage goes beyond traditional vulnerability scanning to build a holistic, real-time view of relevant assets, identities, configurations, applications, cloud resources and external-facing systems. It is important to note that not all security gaps stem from inherent system vulnerabilities. For example, according to some estimates, more than half of cloud breaches are tied to configuration issues. Other potential sources of security gaps include shadow IT, unmanaged assets and excessive privilege. 

PRIORITIZING RISKS: After identifying exposures, teams must determine which risks require immediate action. This step illustrates how CTEM differs from traditional vulnerability management, which may prioritize vulnerabilities based on criteria such as exploit availability and compliance needs. By contrast, CTEM emphasizes context, prioritizing exposures based on their likelihood for exploitation and potential business impact. The number of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) has risen into the tens of thousands, with the list growing substantially each year. Addressing 100% percent of these vulnerabilities is impractical, so teams must focus on closing the gaps that create real risk rather than chasing volume-based metrics. 

VALIDATING EXPLOITABILITY: Next, organizations must determine whether the most serious exposures can actually be exploited in their environment. This is a critical distinction. A vulnerability might look severe on paper, but existing controls, network segmentation or other measures may already prevent attackers from exploiting it. Similarly, a lower-priority issue may become urgent if validation shows that it creates a viable path to a critical asset. Organizations can use breach and attack simulation, penetration testing and other controlled simulations to validate the exploitability of exposures and their impact on business systems. 

MOBILIZING REMEDIATION EFFORTS: Finally, organizations must coordinate action across the teams responsible for reducing risk to assign ownership, set timelines and track remediation. In some cases, the fix may be a patch or configuration change. In others, it may involve disabling exposed credentials or tightening access controls. Because this work often spans security, IT operations and business teams, mobilization must be well organized, with set escalation paths and accountability. The closed-loop nature of the CTEM cycle ensures that security programs evolve alongside the organization’s environment and threat landscape.

Click Below To Continue Reading

arrow

5 Signs Your Organization Needs CTEM

As business leaders begin familiarizing themselves with the concept of CTEM, they should be alert to these five signals, which may indicate that the framework is needed inside their organization.

Alert Fatigue: When security teams are overwhelmed by alerts, they often cannot tell which exposures are actually exploitable or business critical. A CTEM framework helps validate exposures and correlate them with threat intelligence and business risk.

Tool Sprawl: Many organizations run multiple, sometimes overlapping cybersecurity solutions. CTEM practices help coordinate these tools, aggregating outputs and turning findings into prioritized remediation plans.

Lack of Visibility: Security teams can’t fight what they can’t see. CTEM helps close gaps related to asset inventory, cloud visibility and shadow IT, creating a unified view of the attack surface.

Slow Remediation: Cyberattackers move fast once they infiltrate enterprise networks and business tools. CTEM emphasizes compliance with service-level agreements, remediation and cross-team mobilization to reduce time-to-action.

Misaligned Priorities: Security teams can stay busy patching numerous vulnerabilities without ever closing the most business-critical security gaps. CTEM shifts the focus from activity to risk reduction.

back-to-top-white
cdw

CTEM: What It Is and How It Works

Continuous threat exposure management is a strategic cybersecurity framework designed to help organizations continuously assess and reduce their exposure to threats. Introduced by Gartner, CTEM integrates people, processes and technologies into a cohesive, iterative program focused on measurable risk reduction.

Traditional security practices tend to prioritize vulnerabilities based on the potential impact to the affected system regardless of business context or environmental variables. CTEM shifts organizations toward an approach that takes into consideration the business value of a system and what compensating controls may be in place. CTEM is a continuous cycle, not a one-time security initiative. Gartner breaks down the CTEM cycle into five stages: 

SCOPING CRITICAL ASSETS: During this stage, security teams identify the business services, applications, cloud environments and other assets that expose the organization to meaningful risk if compromised. This is sometimes described as setting the “operational boundary” for exposure discovery. Critically, this stage forces teams to begin by thinking in terms of business value. Because CTEM is a continuous process, teams might opt not to implement CTEM across the entire organization all at once. Instead, they can choose an initial scope for a pilot and then expand CTEM practices to other assets over time. They also may identify the elements of the minimum viable company, which represent the most critical assets needed to operate the business. Establishing the MVC helps the organization prioritize its security efforts based on which assets are needed for the business to survive in the event of a disruption.

DISCOVERING EXPOSURES: Once organizations define their scope, they must continuously identify the exposures that exist within the environment. This stage goes beyond traditional vulnerability scanning to build a holistic, real-time view of relevant assets, identities, configurations, applications, cloud resources and external-facing systems. It is important to note that not all security gaps stem from inherent system vulnerabilities. For example, according to some estimates, more than half of cloud breaches are tied to configuration issues. Other potential sources of security gaps include shadow IT, unmanaged assets and excessive privilege. 

PRIORITIZING RISKS: After identifying exposures, teams must determine which risks require immediate action. This step illustrates how CTEM differs from traditional vulnerability management, which may prioritize vulnerabilities based on criteria such as exploit availability and compliance needs. By contrast, CTEM emphasizes context, prioritizing exposures based on their likelihood for exploitation and potential business impact. The number of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) has risen into the tens of thousands, with the list growing substantially each year. Addressing 100% percent of these vulnerabilities is impractical, so teams must focus on closing the gaps that create real risk rather than chasing volume-based metrics. 

VALIDATING EXPLOITABILITY: Next, organizations must determine whether the most serious exposures can actually be exploited in their environment. This is a critical distinction. A vulnerability might look severe on paper, but existing controls, network segmentation or other measures may already prevent attackers from exploiting it. Similarly, a lower-priority issue may become urgent if validation shows that it creates a viable path to a critical asset. Organizations can use breach and attack simulation, penetration testing and other controlled simulations to validate the exploitability of exposures and their impact on business systems. 

MOBILIZING REMEDIATION EFFORTS: Finally, organizations must coordinate action across the teams responsible for reducing risk to assign ownership, set timelines and track remediation. In some cases, the fix may be a patch or configuration change. In others, it may involve disabling exposed credentials or tightening access controls. Because this work often spans security, IT operations and business teams, mobilization must be well organized, with set escalation paths and accountability. The closed-loop nature of the CTEM cycle ensures that security programs evolve alongside the organization’s environment and threat landscape.

Click Below To Continue Reading

arrow

5 Signs Your Organization Needs CTEM

As business leaders begin familiarizing themselves with the concept of CTEM, they should be alert to these five signals, which may indicate that the framework is needed inside their organization.

Alert Fatigue: When security teams are overwhelmed by alerts, they often cannot tell which exposures are actually exploitable or business critical. A CTEM framework helps validate exposures and correlate them with threat intelligence and business risk.

Tool Sprawl: Many organizations run multiple, sometimes overlapping cybersecurity solutions. CTEM practices help coordinate these tools, aggregating outputs and turning findings into prioritized remediation plans.

Lack of Visibility: Security teams can’t fight what they can’t see. CTEM helps close gaps related to asset inventory, cloud visibility and shadow IT, creating a unified view of the attack surface.

Slow Remediation: Cyberattackers move fast once they infiltrate enterprise networks and business tools. CTEM emphasizes compliance with service-level agreements, remediation and cross-team mobilization to reduce time-to-action.

Misaligned Priorities: Security teams can stay busy patching numerous vulnerabilities without ever closing the most business-critical security gaps. CTEM shifts the focus from activity to risk reduction.

CDW can help your organization put CTEM into action.

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Buck Bell

CDW Expert

Buck Bell leads CDW’s Global Security Strategy Office, bringing over 20 years of cybersecurity and risk management experience.

Charles Cartwright

Executive Technology Strategist

As an executive technology strategist, Charles Cartwright focuses on network security architecture, applying principles of zero trust, leveraging SASE to accelerate digital transformation and growth, and implementing threat exposure management to reduce risk.